Jails vs. Prisons - 1464 Words

Corrections Jails vs. Prisons ------------------------------------------------- Andrea K. Wester ------------------------------------------------- April 30, 2012 To start, this paper has been more than challenging for me. Never before has my eyes been more opened to such differences. And to warn you I may have more information than needed, but no surprise there. Here bellow is what I have come up with on the differences between jail systems and prisons systems. There is not a major difference between jail and prison for a common man, but in the eyes of a lawyer two of them are totally different. A common man considers that the two terms are interchangeable or synonyms. Both are the places, in which individuals are physically confined†¦show more content†¦Detention centers, in general, are larger facilities that are often regional to national in scope or coverage. Many say that the term ‘detention center’ is a really broad name that pertains to a facility or place where persons are confined. According to the BOP (Bureau of Prison, U.S.), a detention center is a place where you confine individuals who are not yet declared convicts but are charged for something. These individuals have not qualified for bail. Nevertheless, if a person will be deemed a threat to others and even a ‘flight risk’ or somebody who might fly away just to escape the charges filed against him or her, then most likely he or she will be held captive inside the detention center prior conviction. Jails can also be described similarly. In the U.S., detention centers can be a jail, a prison, a concentration camp, an internment camp and many other places where one or a group of people a re detained. These centers are classified as maximum, medium and minimum detention centers. Obviously the maximum security is the place where very violent criminals are housed like those who are sentenced for life imprisonment. Medium security detention centers are for those who’ll serve for middle range sentences. Compared to maximum, the prisoners in here have less criminal background. The minimum detention center, also known as a form of work camp, is meant for those who have offended a policy or law for the very first time. ThisShow MoreRelatedA Brief Comparison of Jails and Prisons785 Words   |  3 PagesComparison of Jails Prisons A Brief Comparison of Jails Prisons It is common knowledge that one of the primary penalties of violating the law is incarceration. Civilians, those who are not in the business of law enforcement, and even some professionals in the criminal justice field, throw around the terms jail and prison quite often, using them interchangeably. Jails and prisons are not the same. This paper will elucidate some of the primary differences between jails and prisons as well as drawRead More1. Describe the basis of feminist criminology.877 Words   |  4 Pagesfederal prisons or local jails.2 †¢Ã¯â‚¬  Expanding at 4.6% annually between 1995 and 2005, women now account for 7% of the population in state and federal prisons.3 †¢Ã¯â‚¬  The number of women in prison has increased at nearly double the rate of men since 1985, 404% vs. 209%.4 †¢Ã¯â‚¬  Women in state prisons in 2003 were more likely than men to be incarcerated for a drug offense (29% vs. 19%) or property offense (30% vs. 20%) and less likely than men to be incarcerated for a violent offense (35% vs. 53%).5 Read MoreRehabilitation Will Reduce Crime1246 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica, crime is on the rise. Every day, every minute, and even every second someone will commit a crime. Now, I invite you to consider that a crime is taking place as you read this paper. The fraction of the population in the State and Federal prison has increased in every single year for the last 34 years and the rate for imprisonment today is now five times higher than in 1972(Russell, 2009). Considering that rate along crime is a serious act. These crimes range from robbery, rape, kidnappingRead MoreJails and Prison Comparison1067 Words   |  5 PagesJails and Prisons Comparison University of Phoenix CJA/234 Ms. Pamela Collinshill June 25, 2013 Introduction: For more than two hundred years the United States has used incarceration to punish any and all criminals. Jails and prisons are the institutions that judges send criminals to so they can serve time depending on the seriousness of the crime that the individual has committed. Being incarcerated is the humane form of punishment that isRead MoreTypes Of Diversion Programs Currently Used821 Words   |  4 Pagesdetailed summary of risks and needs, allowing determination of appropriate levels and types of supervision, i.e. home, office, phone, as well as other appropriate services, such as substance abuse treatment and mental health treatment; 3. to assist prisons and jails in determining potential as a candidate for parole or other form of early release; 4. to provide to correctional facilities information that can assist in the establishment of placement into specific programs, i.e. programs that specialize inRead MorePrison Overcrowding And The United States994 Words   |  4 P agesPrison Overcrowding In the United States, there’s two types of incarcerations: jail vs prison and federal vs state. The key difference between all prison systems is the size, location, and quantity of inmates and the crime rate in each area. Overpopulation has been an issue for a while mainly because for the safety for the inmates, the Three Strike Law, and also, society feeling that rehabilitation isn’t what they want for convicted felons. In the future, the system of corrections should decreaseRead MoreNon Violent Vs. Violent Criminal988 Words   |  4 PagesNon-Violent VS. Violent Criminal Have you ever wonder why prisons are made? It is known that prisons are built to isolate and punish everyone that committed crime in their lives, whether it is in the past or present. However, lately there have been some arguments on whether everybody that committed crime should be put in jail or they should be allowed to stay outside of the prison, but with very strict supervisions. Nowadays, there have been some cases in which criminals are given the freedom toRead MoreAb109 Paper949 Words   |  4 Pages109 Assembly Bill 109 was signed by Governor Edmund Brown Jr. and implemented on October 1, 2011 to close the revolving door of low-level inmates cycling in and out of state prison. It was a way to reduce the number of inmate in our overpopulated 33 prisons. The cause ab109 and ab117 to be put into place was a lawsuit Plata vs. Schwarzenegger fact that California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation was in violation of the eight amendments, the American with Disabilities Act and section 504Read MoreAfrican American Stereotypes. Paper1208 Words   |  5 PagesAfrican American stereotypes. He said that there are more black men enrolled in jail rather than jail. He also stated that African Americans are the most religious, but most likely to get a divorce. There are more black men in jail and prison than in college, but there are more college-age black men in college than in jail and prison. Statistics show that there were an estimated 791,600 black men in jail and prison in 2000 and a count of 603,032 in college in 1999. The more reliable U.S. CensusRead MoreFaith-Based Rehab Programs in Prison Essay1183 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Faith-based Rehabilitation Programs in Prisons Yashila Crowell JUS 510 Contemporary CJ Issues and Trends April 13, 2014 Professor Lacy Ellis Faith-based rehabilitation programs are support groups within the prison system that inmates can be a part of to encourage, support, stability, growth, life changing skills, and thinking. These programs can help assist inmates in adjusting to prison life while being incarcerated and it can also help them have a strong foundation upon their

The Consequences Of Climate Change Environmental Sciences Essay Free Essays

The job of clime alteration affects the full universe and this is one of the major planetary jobs. The impacts of clime alteration are diverse and could be damaging to one million millions of people across the universe, peculiarly those in developing states, who are the most vulnerable. Many of the effects of clime alteration will hold negative economic effects. We will write a custom essay sample on The Consequences Of Climate Change Environmental Sciences Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now The figure of terrible conditions events, for illustration, is likely to increase and escalate as a consequence of clime alteration, which could ensue in one million millions of dollars in economic harm yearly. Climate alteration refers to an addition in mean planetary temperatures. Natural events and human activities are believed to be lending to an addition in mean planetary temperatures. This is caused chiefly by the addition of â€Å" nursery † gases such as Carbon Dioxide ( CO2 ) . The rise of planetary temperatures have been accompanied by alterations in conditions and clime. We can see many negative effects of clime alteration such as oceans warming and going more acidic, ice caps runing and sea degrees lifting. Recently, human activities have released big sums of C dioxide and other nursery gases into the ambiance. The nursery gases effects come from the combustion of fossil fuels to bring forth energy. Furthermore, deforestation, industrial procedures and some agricu ltural patterns besides emit gases into the ambiance which contributes a batch of negative effects to our nature. Harmonizing to the US bureau, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ( NOAA ) ( 2010 ) , there are seven indexs which show an addition in a heating universe which are troposphere temperature, humidness, temperature over oceans, sea surface temperature, sea degrees, ocean heat content and temperature over land. In contrary, there are three indexs that result in the decreasing of temperature which are sea ice, glaciers and snow screen. Climate alteration contributes a batch of negative effects because of the addition in planetary temperature which leads to the thaw of ice, effects on agribusiness and alterations in conditions forms. First of wholly, the effects of planetary heating and clime alteration can be black. In fact, world have already witnessed and keeps witnessing negative effects of planetary heating. Climate alteration occurs due to increase of planetary temperature. Global heating caused by air pollution is increasing the sum of C gases, besides known as nursery gases in the Earth ‘s ambiance. The termA greenhouseA is used in concurrence with the phenomenon known as the nursery consequence. Energy from the Sun drives the Earth ‘s conditions and clime, and heats the Earth ‘s surface. In bend, the Earth radiates energy back into infinite. These gases are hence known as nursery gases. The nursery consequence is the rise in temperature on Earth as certain gases in the ambiance trap energy. Greenhouse gases act like a cover around Earth, pin downing energy in the ambiance and doing it to warm up. This phenomenon is called the nursery consequence and is natural and necessary to back up l ife on Earth. However, the physique up of nursery gases can alter Earth ‘s clime and consequence in unsafe effects to human wellness and public assistance and to ecosystems. Harmonizing to Anup Shah ( 2012 ) , six chief nursery gases are carbon dioxide ( CO2 ) , methane ( CH4 ) ( which is 20 times as potent a nursery gas as C dioxide ) and azotic oxide ( N2O ) , plus three fluorinated industrial gases: hydro fluorocarbons ( HFCs ) , per fluorocarbons ( PFCs ) and sulphur hexafluoride ( SF6 ) . Water vapor is besides considered a nursery gas. Greenhouse effects besides have positive effects because without them, heat would get away back into infinite and the Earth ‘s mean temperature would be a batch colder. However, if the nursery consequence becomes stronger, so Earth might no longer be suited for worlds, animate beings and workss to populate in. Human activity has caused an instability in the natural rhythm of the nursery consequence and related procedures. As a conseq uence, the ice caps start to run and increase the sea degree might finally submerge some little islands and gnaw the surface of the mainland. The addition in planetary temperatures leads to the thaw of the snow screen and glaciers in mountains and both poles. If the glaciers melt, the sea degrees will besides lift. Initially, the rise in sea degree would increase merely by an inch or two. But even a modest rise in sea degrees could do deluging jobs for the houses, workss and edifices that are situated in the low-lying countries. There has been much concern about the possibility that planetary heating will do the polar ice caps to run and deluge many coastal metropoliss. In short, if both polar ice caps melted, sea degree would so raise plenty to deluge many coastal countries and alter the universe ‘s coastlines. Furthermore, climate alteration gives a batch of negative effects on agribusiness. The high temperature of the Earth causes the fertile lands to go wastes and unsuitable for agricultural activities. Harmonizing to NOAA ( 2010 ) , climate alteration affects agribusiness on dirt procedures, harvests and grasslands and farm animal. First, effects on dirt procedure. The possible for dirts to back up agribusiness and distribution of land usage will be influenced by alterations in dirt H2O balance. It will increase in soil H2O shortages, for illustration dry soils become even drier. The increased demand for irrigation could better dirt workability in wetting agent parts and diminish poaching and eroding hazard. Second, effects on harvests. The effects of increased temperature and CO2 degrees on arable harvests are more susceptible to altering conditions and field veggies will be peculiarly affected by temperature alterations and H2O shortages will straight impact fruit and vegetable produc tion. Last, there are effects on the grasslands and unrecorded stock. Poultry and unrecorded stock could be exposed to higher incidences of heat emphasis therefore act uponing productiveness. It will increase in disease transmittal by faster growing rates of pathogens in the environment. Therefore, we have to unify in happening positive solutions for these immediate jobs. On the other manus, extreme conditions forms may go more common. The rise of mean temperature produce a variable clime alteration. There are many critical effects of utmost conditions forms such as windstorms, heat moving ridges or drouths, storms with utmost rain or snow and dust storms. Harmonizing to George E. Mash ( 2000 ) , utmost conditions caused by C dioxide ( CO2 ) from autos, industries and power workss, trap heat near the Earth ‘s surface. More heat means more energy. Adding so much energy to the ambiance creates the potency for more extremes. Washington occupants experienced conditions extremes in the autumn of 2006. First, record rains churned up rivers and caused landslides and inundations around Western Washington. Then, as the H2O began to unclutter, a record cold with ice and snowfall paralytic parts of the west side of the province. That was closely followed by record gale force air currents, 14 deceases, extended belongings harm, and yearss of power outages f or 1 million places and concerns in Washington. Climatologists say utmost conditions events will go more common as our clime heats up. In add-on, drouths can impact us on less summer H2O for farms, metropoliss and woods. Worlds, animate beings and workss can non populate with limited H2O supplies. In that instance, we will hunger for H2O if the drouths maintain go oning. Besides, irrigation will be less due to earlier high river flows and diminishing dirt wet. Furthermore, less H2O for metropolis municipal H2O beginnings will impact industries, concerns and householders. With a 3.6 grade heating, drouths will happen more often. To forestall from non holding adequate H2O supplies, we must take safeguard stairss to forestall it from happens. Conservation patterns can assist cut down demand for H2O. Municipalities and irrigation territories need to seek new storage countries to flush out the flow and demand for H2O. If inundations become more utmost and frequently occur, warmer tempera tures result in more winter precipitation falling as rain instead than snow throughout much of the Pacific Northwest. This alteration will ensue in higher winter watercourse flows with more inundations, less winter snow accretion and earlier spring snowmelt. In contrast to more rain when we do n’t necessitate it, there will be less H2O when we do necessitate it. Significant decreases in summer watercourse flow will adversely impact husbandmans who rely on irrigation, occupant and summertime hydropower production. These alterations are likely to increase bing struggles among viing H2O users, made worse by a regional population addition. In decision, we must united and collaborate with each other in order to salvage our female parent nature from the addition in planetary temperature and changing of conditions forms that are progressively widespread. We must take safeguards in order to protect our Earth from utmost clime alteration. There are assorted effects due to climate alteration such as the snow runing in the Arctic is increasing, lifting sea degrees, shriveling land size, natural catastrophes such as inundations, drouths and forest fires and increasing wellness job and affects on cosmopolitan life affect the end product of agricultural merchandises. Therefore, we must take safeguards in order to forestall clime alteration. Among the steps that should be implemented to turn to clime alteration is holding an consciousness run on environmental attention. In add-on, the usage of eco-friendly energy beginnings should be given precedence. Education about the environment should be emphasized in school and environmenta l instruction is besides of import to the older coevals is implemented as a few of them are merely concerned with wealth and net income entirely. Furthermore, information about the effects caused by clime alteration and the impact of environmental pollution should be widely disseminated in assorted ways. The governments should make research diligently on how to cut down planetary heating. Reforestation and recycling plans besides must be done instantly. We must cut down C monoxide emanations by cut downing the usage of private vehicles. By taking a assortment of safeguards, our Earth will be safe from the menace of clime alteration. How to cite The Consequences Of Climate Change Environmental Sciences Essay, Essay examples

Law of Business Entities

Question: Discuss about theLaw of Business Entities. Answer: Incorporation of the Limited Partnership and Limited Liability Company Introduction: There have been limited shares of profits of a company and a limiting liability for organisations of business. Limited Partnership is a bridge between the corporate limited liability of a company and the personal liability of an ordinary partnership which have often been overlooked. In the world of common law, limited partnership has an undistinguished history and rarely establishes a position as the vehicle for a distinctive commercial activity. There have been an opportunities for investment which is generated by the will of the government in encouraging the commercialisation within Australia of more intellectual capital and the potential of business which is spawned by the designers of Australia, prospectors and investors and providing the impetus for the development. Limited Partnership Formation Under Section 51, Limited Partnership must be registered foe meeting the needs in section 8. It is necessary that, there should be basically one partial partner who can provide input of capital. They do not have tights in the participation in the management and they are not responsible for any liabilities beyond. A person cannot be both limited partner as well as common partner with same partnership. There must be a written partnership agreement in a limited partnership (Aaronson, 2011). An agreement of partnership is successful as after the registration of the limited partnership and partners which also include subsequent partners are in agreement in performing the agreement as applicable to them. The amendment of the partnership agreement is a written document which the limited partners sign agreement to the procedures given in the contract of partnership. A partnership has to provide whether there are any restrictions on the partners ability in assigning or otherwise disposing of the interests of partnership of that person and the restriction nature. The agreement also provides the entitlement of partners to distributions and whether there is a competition among limited and general partner. There is provision for restricting the business or other activities which limited partners as well as new partners have admission to the partnership. The agreement provides for the termination of the specific associates and how associates leave the partial partnership which includes as a partner is disqualified from partial partnership and how the partnership is admitted partially. It also provides for the financial statement of the limited partners. Limited partnership may have specific powers and capacity which are contained in the provision of the agreement. Liability of partnership is similar to the shareholders of a company and that is limited to the contribution of capital. Partnership for a limited period doesnt manage the partial companionship. A person who become s a limited partner has to register in the limited partnership. When the management process in not run by the partial partner liability of debts does not comes on the partnership which is done partially. It is necessary that the name of both the partners should be stated in the written contract where partial partnership is stated and any document should be issued in the form of legal obligation in the partnership which is limited by time. The Limited Partnership formation is done by an appropriate registration process with Registrar of companies in New Zealand and not on earlier signing of partnership agreement (Litvak, 2009). The details of the registration for the Limited Partnership are available publicly from the Registrar of Companies. Information about the Limited Partnership is private and cannot be obtained publicly. Limited partners of limited partnership are liable for specific tax accountability of the partnership limited by time. A partnership limited by time always has an office in New Zealand and the description of the registered office have to include its address. A limited partnership has to keep records of the partnership agreement along with all other agreements to it and the proceedings of the congregation and the declaration of the associates includes in last seven years. He also has to keep a register of the business which is last known current partner and the person ceasing to be a partner for the last seven years. A general partner belonging to a limited partnership have to make sure that balance date for a limited time period of partnership should be commenced with a balanced date when the financial statements should be recorded with complete relative to the limited partnership and the general partners sign the balance dates by two general partners belonging to a limited partnership when general partner it requires to be signed by that partner (Rong, 2010). Essay Introduction The Company Act 1993 governs the incorporation and the management and the liquidation of the companies. A company may have many shareholders. The Securities Act 1978 regulates the process of raising funds from public in order to set up the company. Companies are identified with the quotes related to Unlisted or New Zealand Stock Exchange. When group member companies transact Australia corporate group poses certain dangers for the creditors. Corporate law of Australia needs the act of the directors in the companys interest for their appointment. Australian corporate law needs directors for the interest of the company for their appointment. Corporate Governance needs a structure in order to verify and safeguard the integrity of the financial reporting. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and the consideration by directors of interests to corporate stakeholders is a debate in Australia. Directors and corporate have regards to the stakeholders interests other than shareholders. Formation of a Company At least one shareholder and one director must be present in the company Shares must be denominated in accordance to the monetary value. Directors have to certify that there will be no disqualification from the appointment in order to hold the office of the directors. The Companies Act 1993 states the obligation, duties and rights of the board of the companies. The provisions of the Company Act 1993 states the requirement of a constitution of the company. There are 25% of shares of a company which are owned by non-residents, audited annual accounts must be filed in the New Zealand Companies Office. There must be reservation of the company name with expense incorporation of the fee which is prescribed and the document filing process is needed by the Company Registration including an approval discern and the application of the registrar, consent of the shareholder and the directors and the constitution is optional. A GST registration and a company IRD (tax) number are needed. At the ti me of incorporating IRD tax and registration on GST is required here. Overseas Companies want to carry forward the New Zealands business. Shares in the companies of New Zealand are not needed to be held by residents of New Zealand (Hellwig, 2010). Companies which are incorporated outside New Zealand are known as overseas companies. It can be established either through the branch registration of an overseas company or through the incorporation of local subsidiary and acquisition of registered company in New Zealand. There are also other ways of establishment of the overseas company like limited partnership (Al-Qirim, 2008). The registration of either a branch or a subsidiary has become more time consuming because of the amendments made to the Companies Act 1993 because of the decisions for establishing an overseas company branch by registering on the overseas company in New Zealand or incorporated a subsidiary company depending on issues of legal structures and taxation of both New Zealand and overseas and a limited liability subsidiary having limited liability with respect to the operations of New Zealand. In the name of Registrar Company the overseas companys branch are registered in New Zealand. The residents name of the dir ector and full name with the branchs address of New Zealand and address of the directors who are overseas is needed to be registered (Kelsey, 2015) Companies which are incorporated do not require filing a constitution and changes of the director with the New Zealand Registrar of companies because of the facilities for sharing the information which are the implementations between the Companies of Australian Securities and New Zealand and the Investment Commission. The taxation laws of New Zealand consists of Income Tax Act 2007 as well as revenue acts which includes Goods and Services Tax act 1985. All new companies which have been incorporated in New Zealand should have details of the directors and the shareholders along with the consent forms which are signed by the director and the shareholders. The address details for the document services and the registered office located in New Zealand and the address for the communication with the company. There must also be any additional documents and details which are requested by the New Zealand Company Office including the verification of the identification of the shareholders and the directors like certified copies of the passport of the director and the utilities bill to acknowledge the identity of the director and the residential address The concept of misunderstanding especially for the owners of small business is protecting personal wealth. Many business owners are advantageous of high priced asset protection plan. Australian Corporate Law needs directors in order to act in the best interest of the company to which they are appointed. The duty conflicts with the action of the directors within a corporate group managing and controlling on the basis of an enterprise which is single. The acts complies, how to control corporate group and the members of the company. In the group case law, non codified group law is described briefly with several points. The enterprise liability is considered in the article where corporate group is provided and interests and conflicts of creditors with additional protection are described here with several interests (Whiting Miller, 2008). References Aaronson, S. A. (2011). Limited partnership: Business, government, civil society, and the public in the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI). Public Administration and Development, 31(1), 50-63. Al-Qirim, N. (2008). The adoption of eCommerce communications and applications technologies in small businesses in New Zealand. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 6(4), 462-473. Hellwig, M. F. (2010). Capital regulation after the crisis: business as usual?. MPI Collective Goods Preprint, (2010/31). Kelsey, J. (2015). The New Zealand experiment: A world model for structural adjustment?. Bridget Williams Books. Litvak, K. (2009). Venture capital limited partnership agreements: Understanding compensation arrangements. The University of Chicago Law Review, 161-218. Rong, J. (2010). By Limited Partnership. Friend of Science Amateurs, 1, 051. Whiting, R. H., Miller, J. C. (2008). Voluntary disclosure of intellectual capital in New Zealand annual reports and the hidden value. Journal of Human Resource Costing Accounting, 12(1), 26-50.

Free Essays on The Negative Effects Television Has On Education

Many people believe that a home is just not a home unless there is a television in the house hold. In today’s world a house without a television is like a house in the winter without heat. It is a nessecity. In general, everyone loves television but most people never once take the time to think about the effect television can have on one’s education, It is hard to see but television actually can have a negative influence on an individuals education. Television can occupy a lot of people’s time during the day and night. For example children today rush home from school just to make sure they do not miss their favorite cartoons. Instead children should be rushing home to finish their homework or maybe to go outside and play with their friends. Television also can keep high school and college students from finishing their homework as well. Some teens stay up late night watching television and their favorite shows instead of studying for their exams and completing their homework. Students should spend less time watching television and more time attending to their school work. Some television programs promote improper speech or slang. School teacher try their hardest to teach student the correct way to speak but television shows just the opposite. Television shows how everyday people from different cultures speak and this can have a negative effect on one’s education. Some people want be like a certain image of a person they see on television. If the person they try to imitate has terrible speech or speaks in slang the person might unintentionally pick up the bad habits of speaking in slang as well. This is prime example of how television can have a negative influence on education. The negative messages television sends out sometimes can not be blocked. Kids sometimes take negative messages from television back to school with them which can cause a bad atmosphere for learning and getting a good education. From television kids ge... Free Essays on The Negative Effects Television Has On Education Free Essays on The Negative Effects Television Has On Education Many people believe that a home is just not a home unless there is a television in the house hold. In today’s world a house without a television is like a house in the winter without heat. It is a nessecity. In general, everyone loves television but most people never once take the time to think about the effect television can have on one’s education, It is hard to see but television actually can have a negative influence on an individuals education. Television can occupy a lot of people’s time during the day and night. For example children today rush home from school just to make sure they do not miss their favorite cartoons. Instead children should be rushing home to finish their homework or maybe to go outside and play with their friends. Television also can keep high school and college students from finishing their homework as well. Some teens stay up late night watching television and their favorite shows instead of studying for their exams and completing their homework. Students should spend less time watching television and more time attending to their school work. Some television programs promote improper speech or slang. School teacher try their hardest to teach student the correct way to speak but television shows just the opposite. Television shows how everyday people from different cultures speak and this can have a negative effect on one’s education. Some people want be like a certain image of a person they see on television. If the person they try to imitate has terrible speech or speaks in slang the person might unintentionally pick up the bad habits of speaking in slang as well. This is prime example of how television can have a negative influence on education. The negative messages television sends out sometimes can not be blocked. Kids sometimes take negative messages from television back to school with them which can cause a bad atmosphere for learning and getting a good education. From television kids ge...

An Analysis of Langston Hughess Poetry

An Analysis of Langston Hughess Poetry Essay Two of Mr.. Hughes poems, l, too and Democracy, one expresses feelings from an African American mans point of view at a time when they werent allowed to have a voice to have a point of view. The other poem basically saying they would never see democracy with the huge cloud of injustice that rises. In Hughes poem l, Too, the speaker is not an individual as the word l implies. In fact, the l represents the African-Americans as a whole living in the United States. Hughes also writes l am he darker brother instead of we are the darker brothers is no accident. The use of the word l as to not using we are words of a lonely individual, who doesnt see a winning chance. The speaker says They send me to eat in the kitchen, enforcing they are the enemies. As used in this poem, the first-person voice highlights the weakness of the African-American people. However, this is not the only way that Hughes uses l in his poetry. The speaker claims that he, too, sings America. He is the darker brother who is sent to eat in the kitchen when there are guests visiting. However, he does laugh and he eats well and grows bigger and stronger. Tomorrow, he will sit at the table when the guests come, and no one will dare to tell him to eat in the kitchen. They will see his beauty and be ashamed, for, as he claims, l, too, am America. The poet is trying to elaborate the feeling of being seen as nothing to taking it day by day, and becoming something to unapproved eyes. Hughes published l, Too, Sing America in 1945, a good ten years or so before the start of the Civil Rights Movement in the United States. Racism and prejudice was normal in the US at the beginning of the 20th century much more than they are now and so Hughes poem envisions a day in which whites and blacks will eat at the table together, in which black citizens will be truly classified as equal Americans. In the poem, Democracy Longs expresses that democracy will never come during his time living or ever. He feels that he has as much a right as a citizen to have property just as the next person does. He gets tired of seeing peoples attitudes, such as a whatever happens happens attitude. It is no surprise that democracy in the United States was nonexistent in the early sass and throughout the Jim Crow era, when blacks had no rights. Democracy back then was Just a label not reality and outright biased. Government rule by the people consisted of whites only, excluding all African Americans. In Longs Hughes case, he knows that by birth hes an American citizen. But as a black man in the pre-Civil Rights United States, he sure isnt being treated like one. So somethings got to change. l, Too, Sing America reminisces back to the days of slavery, when African Americans were supposed to be non-visible abort, not actual human beings. The implication of this poem is that not a whole lot has changed since then. In conclusion, Can anyone blame a man for having such a negative view on democracy while living in a racist society? Absolutely not! Thousands of Black Americans had the same feelings. In reality, democracy was one-sided, for blacks were not allowed to be involved with any decision making, voicing of an opinion, etc. Freedom and equality summarize the entire poem, which is what Hughes wanted at the time, to have basic equality for all.

Developing an international marketing plan for an organisation Assignment

Developing an international marketing plan for an organisation - Assignment Example In order to create new customer segments for the newly launched products, the marketers tend to practice extensive marketing strategies and activities. Concerning the industry structure, it can be stated that the medical equipment and pharmaceutical sector is dominated by few major marketers including J&J that has been long serving the customers. Threats of substitutes as well as new entrants are also observed to be low in this industry owing to high degree of regulatory interventions, capital intensiveness and greater dependency on customer as well as stakeholders’ trust (Giudice, & Bolduc, 2006). The Company J&J can be regarded as one of the renowned brands in the global medical equipment and pharmaceutical industry. The company was founded in the year 1886 and is well known for its enduring performances of delivering quality based medical devices and diagnostic products to the global consumers (Johnson & Johnson, 2013). The organization also seeks to embrace adequate research and development initiatives through the integration of innovative ideas which ensures the empowerment of health as well as wellbeing of its wide range of global consumers. The products offered by J&J principally involve maternity kits, childcare products, fast-aid equipments and surgical apparatuses among others (Johnson & Johnson, 2012). Therefore, diversifying by extending its product line through serving a nutrition drink for mothers can contribute towards the brand recognition of the company along with increasing its market share in the Australian medical equipment and pharmaceutical industry. ... The company was founded in the year 1886 and is well known for its enduring performances of delivering quality based medical devices and diagnostic products to the global consumers (Johnson & Johnson, 2013). The organization also seeks to embrace adequate research and development initiatives through the integration of innovative ideas which ensures the empowerment of health as well as wellbeing of its wide range of global consumers. The products offered by J&J principally involve maternity kits, childcare products, fast-aid equipments and surgical apparatuses among others (Johnson & Johnson, 2012). Therefore, diversifying by extending its product line through serving a nutrition drink for mothers can contribute towards the brand recognition of the company along with increasing its market share in the Australian medical equipment and pharmaceutical industry. 2. Situation Analysis 2.1. Business Environment The present business environment in the medical equipment and pharmaceutical ind ustry depicts fierce competition among the handful of dominant marketers in Australia, concerning their wide range of products and/or services as well as market share. In order to successfully launch the health supplementary drinks for mothers in the Australian market, understanding the political and legal factors of the respective market is one of the major decisions as these factors are apparently observed to impose strong influences on the operations of marketers such as J&J (University of Wollongong, n.d.). The following discussion tends to reveal the political and legal conditions of Australia in terms of launching a nutritional drink as a new product by J&J. Political Factors The

How can managers assist employees with their career development Research Paper

How can managers assist employees with their career development - Research Paper Example It has also been stated that presence of a motivated workforce is very critical to the success of a firm in the market. It has been proved in various researches that job satisfaction is an essential aspect that leads to motivation among the employees. A motivated employee is known to provide the best shot at the workplace and is likely to view his or her tasks as responsibilities rather than routine work that can lead to organizational efficiency generating competitive advantage for the organization. The aspect of motivation is also directly linked to career development of the individual employees. The role of the manager or the supervisor becomes very important in this regard as their attitude can lead to considerable effects on the level of motivation and job satisfaction. The present paper would try to analyze the role of the managers in assisting employees towards their career development Analysis The concept of career development has been a matter of consistent research over the last few decades. During the era of the 80’s the focus was based on the ‘unitarist’ practices with employees extending their career options to multiple employers in an attempt to get the best of development of their personal careers. The present age has led to a situation in which employers are facing issues of high turnovers that has led to formulation of strategies that call for the need to ensure career development of the employees so as to ensure motivation and job satisfaction that can in turn help retain the best employees in the organization. The aspect of career development also calls on managers and supervisors to formulate practices that tend to encourage and improve their learning curves. The recent recession and downturn in the markets also had a very negative impact on the relationship with employees and their managers as well as on the careers of employees who were downsized in order to maintain costs. However, many organizations and managers have realized this as an opportunity to ensure a relationship based on partnerships and mutual benefits leading to a condition of greater shared responsibility that has led to generation of a positive sentiment even during times of severe crisis situations like the economic recession (Bratton & Gold, 2001, p.172-180). Figure 1: Career Development Model (Source: Bratton & Gold, 2001, p.182) The figure above shows a career development plan that combines the organizational needs along with the career development of an employee in the organization. The model proposes a session for career counseling that can be used to integrate organizational requirements with the career growth and competence of an individual employee. The model also shows a significant and important role for the manager in the entire process as the entire task of making a mutual integration with the career goals of an individual employee. The manager has a key role in making a decision about the type of training program tha t should be suitable for the employee so as to ensure organizational development as well as career development of an individual (Bratton & Gold, 2001, p.172-180). Numerous research conducted by academic and professional circles have stated the importance of the role of

Conservation of Races Essay Example for Free

Conservation of Races Essay The United States of America, since its commencement, has been a â€Å"melting pot† of different nationalities. While the term melting pot sounds forthcoming, this is not the case in reality. Many times cultures collide due their differences in ideology, culture, and geographical proximity. Such culture clashes have marked the history of the United States. Race is usually thought of in the physical sense with difference in skin color, hair, facial features, and language. Although race usually follows along physical lines, it is much more far reaching and extends into the social and cultural beliefs. In the past, the dominant trend was to keep these beliefs separate, consequently increasing the feeling of racial unity and racism in society. History has shown us that man has used segregation as a method of not only keeping the peace, but also of keeping the purity of a race in tact. In 1897, an address to the Negro Academy entitled â€Å"The Conservation of Races,† W. E. B. Dubois states: â€Å"The question, then which we must seriously consider is this: What is the real meaning of Race; what has, in the past, been the law of race development, and what lessons has the past history of race development to teach the rising Negro people? I thought the caliber of Dubois’ intelligence and boldness to ask the question was compelling. Throughout this essay I will explore and illustrate how Dubois comes to answer the questions, which he asked his audience. I found it easier to dissect the complex question into three separate questions. First I will illustrate how Dubois defines race. Then I will pinpoint where the basis of the law of race development is formulated. Finally, he answers the question; what can lessons of past history of race development teach the rising Negro? W. E. B Dubois writes that he believes that the conservation of races is the cornerstone of keeping the Negro race pure and intact. Thus, for him, race preservation is not backed only with racial motives, but to help society better itself as a whole. The history of the world is outlined by the histories’ of different groups and races. He states, â€Å"If it be true the history of the world is the history, not of individuals, but of groups, not of nations, but of races, and he who ignores or seeks to override the race idea in human history ignores and overrides the central thought of history (pg.142). In The Conservation of Races Dubois stresses the importance of surveying the whole question of race. He criticizes a biological account of race. He claims that such an account is inadequate because it fails to explain both the wide variety of physical traits within a race and the physical likenesses shared by all humans. For example he states, â€Å"Many criteria of race differences have in the past been proposed, as color, hair, cranial measurements and language. And manifestly in each of these respects differ widely (pg 142)†. Instead, Du Bois proposes a definition of race based on sociohistorical criteria that emphasized cultural and political loyalty. He defines race as: a vast family of human beings, generally of common blood and language, always of common history, traditions and impulses, who are both voluntarily and involuntarily striving together for the accomplishment of certain more or less vividly conceived ideals of life (pg. 142). I would have to agree with Dubois that race is a combination of language, traditions, color, impulses, common blood and ideals of life. This is extremely evident in the anatomy of the world. You can have people who are physically, spiritually, politically, socially, etc. very different be members of the same race. â€Å"Although the wonderful developments of human history teach that the grosser physical differences of color, hair and bone go but a short way towards explaining the different roles which groups of men has played in Human Progress, yet there are differences- subtle, delicate, and elusive, though they may be which have silently but definitely separated men into groups† (pg 142). Here Du Bois suggest an ideal of the law of race development. He further adds, â€Å"At all times, however, they have divided human beings into races, which, while they perhaps transcend scientific definition nerveless, are clearly defined to the eye of the Historian and Sociologist† (pg. 142). I think and maybe Du Bois would agree that the idea of race is an outdated, invalid scientific concept used to categorize individuals and validate who is superior or inferior. As discussed in class I don‘t think racism will ever cease to exist, because the ideal of race is far too prevalent from individuals of all sizes, shapes, and colors. And focusing on the illusion of race will never solve the problem of racism. The only way to stop racism is to end the classification of individuals based on meaningless physical characteristics as a whole and celebrate diversity. Finally, he answers the third part to his complex what can the lessons of past laws of racial development teach rising Negro people. By answering this question he attempts to motivate African Americans to create a recognizable culture and make a difference in the world. He believed that African Americans had potential. He thought that in order eliminate the problems African Americans were facing the focus must first be on boosting the African American culture. He states, As such, it is our duty to conserve our physical powers, our intellectual endowments, our spiritual ideals; as a race we must strive by race organization, by race solidarity, by race unity to the realization of the broader humanity which freely recognizes differences in men, but sternly deprecates inequality in their opportunities of development† (pg. 145). Dubois also saw the need for one main intellectual entity, a Negro Academy. Dubois eloquently stated, â€Å" for all these products of the Negro mind, which we may call a Negro Academy. Not only is all this necessary for positive advancements, it is absolutely imperative for negative defense† (pg. 145). He also notes that the African race has not yet been able to share its message. He sates, â€Å"For the development of Negro genius, of Negro literature and art, of Negro spirit Negroes inspired by the vast ideal, can work out in its fullness the great message of humanity† (pg. 144). In closing, races embody within themselves the answers modern society’s problems. However, a better description of the status of the Negro message would be a work in progress.

Self Concept Essay -- essays research papers

Self-concept emerges as a child develops an increasingly rich concept of him or herself, separating the notion of â€Å"I† from other people and objects. In addition to he concept of â€Å"I† a child develops a separate notion of â€Å"Me† which has certain defining features and qualities. William James defined â€Å"Me† as one that is observed and perceived. â€Å"It is the Me that one sees when attention is focused on the self, the Me as an object, represented in self-concepts, in how we see ourselves.† The notion of â€Å"I† is represented by actions of an individual. The â€Å"I† self-regulates, self-monitors, and presents the self to others in most appropriate way. Self-concepts involve an integration and organization of an enormous amount of information. The self-concepts are utilized with the individual’s past experiences as well as his or her future preferences. The individual who learns to perform more competently achieves more gratification and is also likely to develop more positive attitudes toward himself or herself. Once one can overcome fears and stressful feelings, one will become more confident as a result. Evaluation of one’s behavior may play a significant role on how the individual perceives himself. Critics of behavioral therapy note that people may suffer not because their behavior is inadequate but because they evaluate it improperly. Some people have problems with distorted self-concepts more than with performance. These distorted self-concepts can be seen as a person labels himself a...

Love and Mental Health in Cosi by Louis Nowra Essay

Cosi is a play written by Louis Nowra. I will be using two speeches chosen from the play to explain how the playwright uses emotive language to show the characters thoughts, views and feelings about issues in the play. The two speeches I will be focusing on are; Act 2 Scene 2 This is a conversation between Lewis and Lucy about their views on love and Lucy’s infertility. And. Act 1 Scene 4 Which is a conversation between Lewis, Nick and Henry about the Vietnamese war. The themes I have chosen are love and mental health. Love in Cosi is portrayed through the characters different views on the subject. Some believe that falling in love with a faithful partner is important; others think love is pointless and is only based on sexual relations rather than emotional connections. You can clearly see these differences in views when looking at the characters attitudes towards love in the play. The playwright has used speeches made by the characters infused with emotive language to portray these thoughts, feelings and views. The main speech I am going to be focusing on is the one made by Lucy in Act 2 scene 2, about her infidelity and what she believes to be more important about love. This conversation between Lucy and Lewis shows both their opinions on love, and what it means to be in a relationship. â€Å"How to understand how capitalism exploits the working class is important. How to stop the war in Vietnam is important. How to make a piece of theatre meaningful; and intelligent†¦. is important. After bread, a shelter, equality, health, procreation, money comes maybe love. Do you think the starving masses give a fuck about love. Love is an emotional indulgence for the privileged few. † The emotive language that is used in this quote shows Lucy’s anger and frustration with Lewis for not thinking the same way she does. She doesn’t value love more than other people’s happiness and seems disappointed that Lewis does. She also believes that love is only valued by those who exploit the working class. The emotive language used such as starving masses; this may be used to make us feel sympathy for what she thinks is her cause. The use of the word fuck is to show just how angry Lucy is. Also the way she constantly uses the word important shows that what she is talking about is something she feels strongly about. Lewis reply to her rant with one short, but meaningful quote. The way in which it is worded makes you feel that it is oozing with emotion. â€Å"Without love the world wouldn’t mean much† By using the words â€Å"the world wouldn’t mean much† its shows he would think the world and life would be less meaningful if people didn’t fall in love or believe in love. He seems to believe that love can conquer all. Mental illness is another theme that Louis Nowra explores in Cosi, the way in which he does it leave us thinking who are actually the mad ones in this play the sane or the insane. I will be focusing on Act 1 Scene 4 the speech made by Henry about his father’s nobility in the Vietnam War. For someone who is classified mentally insane he has extremely coherent views about what he believes is right and wrong. The emotive language used in this speech and the increase in henrys stutter shows the amount of anger he feels towards the subject and the betrayal he feels to find out that nick and Lewis support the Vietnamese in a war against their own country. [Banging chair on the floor] â€Å"Traitors! Traitors! Traitors! † This action of banging the chair on the floor and the use of emotive language in the quote made is used to show henrys anger but the use of the word traitors could also be used to stir the same sense and feeling of anger in the reader. My ffffather fought in the war for you. For you and ffffor me. He was a ggggreat man. You are traitors† The increase of henrys stutter is also used to show the raging anger he feels about nick and Lewis supporting the Vietnamese. Also the use of the emotive language â€Å"for you and ffffor me† could be used to make us feel like he is speaking to us as well instead of this particular quote being directed only at the charact ers in the play. â€Å"†¦.. I do not work with traitors. Australia is at war against communists and you†¦ you stab my father in the back† This quote is used to show henrys disappointment with nick and lewis for supporting the Vietnamese instead of their home, their country. Also to show the betrayal he feels on his father’s behalf for their support to the Vietnamese. Henry is the exact opposite to nick. Although nick is classified as sane his views on this subject seem to be quite insane. Nick doesn’t seem to be able to understand why henry feels hurt that he and Lewis are supporting the Vietnamese. Henry: â€Å"you ssssupport the cccommunists† Nick: â€Å"yes†Ã‚  Henry: â€Å"in Vietnam? † Nick: â€Å"sure† Henry â€Å"you give money to North Vietnam? † Nick: â€Å"for medical supplies† Henry: â€Å"to the enemies? † Nick: â€Å"yeh† You could say this is emotive language because although the answers he gives henry are short and swift. They hold the conviction that what he is saying is right. It is his belief that he needs to support the Vietnamese against Australia. â€Å"Not only are they nuts, but there right wing nuts† This quote give the feeling that nick feels that it’s wrong that their mentally insane but the fact that they are â€Å"right wing nuts† makes it a million times worse. Although nick is meant to have this sympathetic left wing idealism, he doesn’t seem all that sympathetic towards henry and his views about the Vietnamese war. Emotive language in the play is used to stir emotions in the reader as well as help explain the characters feelings towards a situation. The playwright used emotive language to portray the characters thoughts, feeling and views. Not only about these subjects but also the fact that this play also leaves us to question who are actually the insane ones.

On the Relationship between Literature, History, and Human Beings Essay

To assume that an object belongs to a particular set entails that an object possesses similar characteristics to all the other objects in the set. In most cases, two or more sets have a tendency to intertwine with one another since some objects in another set have similar characteristics to the objects in a different set. This intermingling of different objects with different characteristics is apparent in the field of literature. Literature here ought to be understood as a written art form that allows the creation of new worlds. Such a conception of literature is based on the assumption that literary texts are fluid and malleable in nature due to the vast meanings that may be attributed to their content. This view of literature is based on the Reader-Response Theory which assumes that literary texts may only exist within the reader’s consciousness (Murfin and Ray 426). Murfin and Ray claim, â€Å"With†¦ the literary work as a catalyst of mental events comes a redefinition of the reader†¦ (as) the passive recipient of those ideas that an author has planted in a text (427). The field of literature is thereby characterized by the intermingling of different objects with different characteristics since although some works adhere to a specific form, the meanings attributed to these works change in line with the reader’s conception of a their content. In line with this, the following discussion posits that all forms of literature, regardless of their form and content, are united with one another due to their dependence on the human mind. This is another way of stating that literature is connected to human existence due to its dependence on human production as well as on its dependence on human interpretation. Such an assumption is based on several propositions. First, literature, as an art form, reflects the social and political conditions during a particular period in history, whether on the period of its production or on the period of its reproduction. Second, the function of human consciousness in determining the meaning of a work is evident in both the author and the reader’s association of a meaning to the form and content of a text. Finally, the function of human consciousness in unifying not only human experience but also all forms and types of literary works is apparent as the production and reproduction of a work manifests the creation of new meanings and hence new ways of understanding a text. These assumption merely show that the production, reproduction, and reception of a literary work throughout history involves a dialectic process wherein a literary text serves as the main referent for the opposing meanings given to a specific event and? or concept located in a literary work. Eagleton specifies the interconnection between literature and history as she posits that the definition of the concept literature continually evolves along with the social and political conditions in a particular period in history. She claims, â€Å"[W]e can drop once and for all the illusion that the category â€Å"literature† is objective in the sense of being eternally given and immutable†¦Literature reflects†¦ the ways in which what we say and believe connects with the power-structure and power relations of the society we live in† (Eagleton 10-14). Eagleton emphasizes the dependence of the association of the values and meanings used in the analysis of literary works to a predominant belief in a particular period in history. A concrete example of this can be seen in the case of Gilman’s â€Å"A Yellow Wallpaper. † Gilman’s text was only considered as an important literary work in the later part of the 20th century which may be associated with the sociopolitical conditions that allowed the equality of both men and women and hence the recognition of woman writers and their works during that time. Another example of this is apparent in the distinction between Formalism and Modernism in literature. Formalists believe that all literary works can be analyzed in terms of their form (Eagleton 3). They argued that form precedes content as they conceived of the former as a mere expression of the later, that being â€Å"content was merely the ‘motivation’ of form† (Eagleton 3). As opposed to this, the Modernists argued that the content was more important than the form (â€Å"Brief Guide to Modernism†). The Imagists, a sub-group of Modernists, for example, wrote in free verse as opposed to the restrictive forms of sonnets or villanelles (â€Å"Brief Guide to Imagism†). This distinction between Formalism and Modernism shows the evolution of the concept literature. Given that no fixed meaning may be attributed to the term literature; one may claim that a fixed meaning was presented in relation to the term in the initial part of the discussion. It is important to note however that the meaning given to the term above merely emphasizes the fluidity of literature. Such is the case since a description of literary works as texts that enable the creation of new worlds merely provides a loose definition of the term as opposed to the rigid definition provided by the Formalists. In other words, the way literature is conceived in this discussion merely emphasizes the reader’s relationship to a work, which is the reader’s ability to identify new world or new meanings in the combination of a text’s form and content. Although the looseness of the definition specified above may seem to consider all forms of written works as literary texts, it is important to note that the definition is still grounded on what is considered to be an art form. Regardless of this definition, the point which is being emphasized here is the dependence of the term literature on the sociopolitical conditions of a period. As can be seen in the case of Gilman’s text as well as in the case of the Formalists and Modernists, the way one understands literature is dependent on the predominant beliefs during the period of a literary text’s production or a literary movement’s existence. With the relationship between literature and history mentioned above, it becomes evident why human consciousness occupies a primary role in determining the meaning of a literary work. Human consciousness provides the link between literature and history as the human mind interprets specific beliefs and associates them with the content of literary works. In the case of literary critics, the human mind interprets the predominant beliefs regarding the structure of objects in society and creates a connection between this order and the form and content of literary works. In other words, the human mind ascribes meanings to literary texts. In the same manner that human beings create a bridge between history and literature, literature also creates a bridge between human beings. This relationship between history, literature, and human beings can be seen in Albee’s â€Å"The American Dream† and DeLillo’s White Noise. In the case of Albee’s play, his discussion of the American dream not only shows the association of a specific male stereotype to the dream but its association to superficial ideals. The stereotype is apparent as the Young Man, which represents the American dream, is describes as a â€Å"clean-cut, Midwest farm boy type, almost insultingly good looking in a typically American way† (Albee 112). He was further described to possess a â€Å"good profile, straight nose, honest eyes, (and a) wonderful smile† (Albee 112). This description of the Young Man shows the dependence of his existence on a specific setup in society wherein â€Å"lights fill up†¦as he steps into†¦(a) room† (Albee 112). The Young Man’s existence, as a representation of the American dream, is dependent on a society wherein external appearance is lauded in comparison to a person’s character. Note for example that the Young Man is also described to be incapable of loving anyone else (Albee 115). He is thereby an individual who is devoid of establishing a loving connection with other human beings. By representing the Young Man’s existence to be dependent on a superficial society, Albee paves the way for different ways of reading the text. One, for example, may focus on the Young Man’s representation of the Hollywood ideal in America and its connection to the American dream. In addition, one may also focus on the Young Man’s superficial existence. Albee’s text, in this sense, is fluid since no specific interpretation of the work may be given. Its interpretation is dependent on the reader and? or audience of his play. In a similar manner, DeLillo’s White Noise is also a text open to interpretation. The text also discusses an aspect of life which is also common to all men, that being death. It is a truism that all human beings are bound to die. DeLillo’s novel associates death with the rapid developments caused by the electronic age. Consider, for example, his description of white noise in the following passage, â€Å"[T]raffic washes past, a remote and steady murmur around our sleep, as of dead souls babbling at the edge of a dream† (DeLillo 4). The novel’s title, White Noise, may be understood as a representation of death. Death, like white noise, is a sound that permeates human existence. They are both representations of the nothingness that lies outside of life and activity. Notice that it was only in the graveyard, as Jack was faced with the figures of the dead, that there was no mentioned of the white noise in Jack’s surroundings (DeLillo 71). White noise, in this sense, serves as a reminder of death. It is the sound that one hears before one encounters the death of one’s own body. In conjunction to the continuous technological developments in our world, white noise is a sound of reckoning for the possible end of the world itself. In both Albee’s play and DeLillo’s novel, one notes that both texts discuss certain universal themes. Albee’s play revolves around the theme of a country’s dream. DeLillo’s novel, on the other hand, revolves around the theme of death. Both of these are universal themes as they represent certain aspects of human experience that resounds throughout time. The relationship between literature, history, and human beings is thereby apparent in both texts as they themselves present an author’s view regarding a universal theme, one which will be experienced by all human beings throughout the existence of our race. Due to its universal character, these themes, and hence both texts which are grounded on these themes, will be interpreted in different ways by all those who will read them. Human consciousness thereby determines the meaning of a work as an author and a reader associates meanings to a work’s form and content. The universal themes of all literary works provide all human beings, regardless of the spatiotemporal conditions during their existence, with a common ground for understanding literary texts. It is partially due to these universal themes that the members of the current generation are able to find a connection with the works of authors who belong to a different generation. These themes however have been reinterpreted in line with the current generation’s experiences and conception of reality. This can be seen in Frosts’ â€Å"Stopping by Woods on a Rainy Evening† and Jacoby’s â€Å"The Diner. † In Frosts’ poem, one is presented with the theme of death as the poem’s persona ponders on the mysteries associated with it. He states, â€Å"The woods are lovely, dark, and deep.? But I have promises to keep, ? And miles to go before I sleep† (Poe). The persona, in this sense, attempts to ward off thoughts of death since he recognizes that life has a lot more experiences in store for him. Although Poe wrote this poem in the 1920’s, its theme continues to be found in contemporary works as can be seen in Jacoby’s â€Å"The Diner. † In the text, Jacoby speaks of another form of death, one that has been brought about by the artificial reality enabled by technological innovations. He claims, â€Å"Bright bright city lights†¦? I’ll take your pale and shadowed glow,? Whatever half-light path you show†¦? I feel so close to those in here, ? I share their loneliness and fear†¦? From the probing, searching nighttime† (Jacoby). In â€Å"The Diner,† the persona speaks of the death of human interaction caused by the alienating conditions in the modern world. In this world, although men are given the innovations that should have provided them with the chance to have longer periods of meaningful interaction with one another, the artificiality of their surroundings has led them to create artificial relationships with each other. The similarity of the theme of both Frost’s and Jacoby’s texts manifest how literature may serve as a tool for portraying similar themes whose meanings vary due to the new events and? or concepts which have been associated with it. Within this context, it is evident that all forms of literature are much more alike than disparate. Human consciousness has allowed the connection of all literary works as it has enabled the form of all literary texts to correspond with one another due to its relationship to the reader who continually participates in the active reinterpretation of literary works. As McEwan claims, â€Å"Literature flourishes along the channels of this unspoken agreement between writers and readers, offering a mental map whose north and south are the specific, and the general† (41). In this mental map, human minds throughout history interact in a dialectic dialogue with one another as they conceive, interpret, and reinterpret universal themes in literature. This dialogue allows the conception of literature as an art form that continually allows the creation of new worlds and new ways of perceiving reality. Works Cited â€Å"A Brief Guide to Imagism. † Poets. org: From the Academy of American Poets. n. d. Web. 15 May 2010. â€Å"A Brief Guide to Modernism. † Poets. org: From the Academy of American Poets. n. d. Web. 15 May 2010. Albee, Edward. The American Dream: and, The Zoo Story: Two Plays. New York: Plume, 1997. Print. DeLillo, Don. White Noise. New York: Penguin Books, 1985. Print. Eagleton, Terry. Literary Theory: An Introduction. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 1996. Print. Frost, Robert. â€Å"Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening. † Poets. org: From the Academy of American Poets. n. d. Web. 15 May 2010. Gilman, Charlotte. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† and Other Stories. London: Courier Dover, 1997. Print. Jacoby, Peter. â€Å"The Diner. † Prof. Peter R. Jacoby’s Spring 2010 Web Site. San Diego Mesa College. n. d. Web. 15 May 2010. McEwan, Ian. â€Å"Literature, Science and Human Nature. † Human Nature: Fact and Fiction. Eds. Robin Headlam and Johnjoe McFadden. New York: Continuum International Publishing Group, 2006. 40-62. Print. Murfin, Ross and Supryia Ray. The Bedford Glossary of Critical and Literary Terms. London: Bedford? St. Martin’s, 2009. Print.

Luminol Chemiluminescence Test for Blood

Luminol Chemiluminescence Test for Blood The luminol chemiluminescence reaction is responsible for the glow of lightsticks. The reaction is used by criminalists to detect traces of blood at crime scenes. In this test, luminol powder (C8H7O3N3) is mixed with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and a hydroxide (e.g., KOH) in a spray bottle. The luminol solution is sprayed where blood might be found. The iron from the hemoglobin in the blood serves as a catalyst for the chemiluminescence reaction that causes luminol to glow, so a blue glow is produced when the solution is sprayed where there is blood. Only a tiny amount of iron is required to catalyze the reaction. The blue glow lasts for about 30 seconds before it fades, which is enough time to take photographs of the areas so they can be investigated more thoroughly. Heres how you can detect blood yourself or demonstrate how to do it: Luminol Materials luminol stock solution (2 g luminol 15 g potassium hydroxide 250 mL water)3% hydrogen peroxide in water (common over-the-counter concentration)potassium ferricyanide or a sterile blood lancet and sterile alcohol pad Performing the Test or Demonstration In a clear test tube or cup, mix 10 ml of the luminol solution and 10 ml of the peroxide solution.You can activate the glow either by adding ~0.1 g of potassium ferricyanide to the solution or with a drop of blood. The blood must be on the alcohol pad. The forensic test is for dried or latent blood, so the reaction between the alcohol and fresh blood is necessary. Notes About the Luminol Test In addition to iron and iron compounds, other substances can catalyze the luminol reaction. Copper and its compounds, horseradish, and bleach also cause the solution to glow. So, you could substitute any of these materials for the drop of blood or potassium ferricyanide in the demonstration. Similarly, the presence of these chemicals at a crime scene affects testing for blood. If a crime scene was washed in bleach, for example, the whole area would glow when sprayed with luminol, making it necessary to use a different test to find traces of blood.If you are doing the reaction as a chemiluminescence demonstration, you can kick the display up a notch by dissolving the potassium ferricyanide in the peroxide solution and using a fractionating column or glass spiral to react the solutions rather than a test tube. You could pour a small amount of fluorescein in the bottom of a flask, pour the potassium ferricyanide solution through the spiral into the flask, and (in a darkened room) finish by adding the luminol solution. The spiral will glow blue as it passes through the column, but the glow will change to bright green once the luminol touches the fluorescein in the flask. Dont drink the luminol solution. Dont get it on your skin or in your eyes. If you prepare a spray bottle of luminol solution to check for traces of blood, keep in mind the solution might be damaging to some surfaces. Thats not a big factor at a crime scene, but its something to keep in mind at home or in class. Dont spray upholstery or clothing or people.The quantities of chemicals yield a super-bright demonstration, but you  can use much less luminol (~50 mg) and still achieve enough luminescence for a demonstration or for crime work. How the Luminol Test Works The iron in the hemoglobin found in blood catalyzes an oxidation reaction in which the luminol gains oxygen atoms while losing nitrogen and hydrogen. This produces a compound called 3-aminophthalate. The electrons in the 3-aminophthalate are in an excited state. Blue light is emitted as energy is released when the electrons return to the ground state. Learn More The luminol test is only one method used to detect blood. The Kastle-Meyer test is a chemical test used to detect extremely small quantities of blood. If you have leftover potassium ferricyanide, you can use it to grow naturally red crystals. Although the chemical name sounds scary, with the cyanide word in it, its actually a very safe chemical to use.

Nazis and Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Nazis and Art - Essay Example Movies played a very important role in the spread of racial anti-Semitism as Jews were defined as the enemies of nation. The films created by Nazi depicted Nazi as inhuman beings, which penetrated German society. Classical music also was an important tool of propaganda during World War II. Now it is difficult to imagine that classical music played a key role during national crisis. Nevertheless, music was very noticeable background for different World War II events. According to Hitler’s order, overture from opera â€Å"Die Meistersinger von Nà ¼rnberg† should have accompanied every mass-meeting in Nà ¼rnberg. Nazi encouraged the performing the works of Wagner, because Hiller was his fan (Waite, 1977). The works of Meyerbeer and Mendelssohn were forbidden due to the Jewish origin of these composers. German orchestras were not allowed to perform the music by Paul Hindemith, the leading national composer, who was recognized all over the world (Heinsohn, 2000). Many chor uses and orchestras had to leave Germany. The culture of many countries was enriched as a result, because many outstanding Jewish Musicians were afraid to be killed and chose to leave Nazi

Hospitality Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Hospitality Management - Essay Example Scientific Management is not hard to be noted in the modern workplace. It is founded on four principles. The first of these principles is to replace the â€Å"rule of thumb† or the simple common sense and simple habit, working techniques with methods that are founded on a scientific study of the task. This principle is still relevant in the workplace today. It involves managing by first breaking every job into individual tasks (Carol, 4). This above is to be able to know the steps that are not needed in the end product. For example, where the workers in the industry have to walk a long distance, the layout of the workplace has been redesigned to reduce the walking distance and thus lower the hours of the working day (Mentzer, 3). The second principle states that in the scientific selection of the workers in an organization ought to be: select, train, teach and develop the person who is most suitable for every job scientifically, instead of leaving the workers to train themselves. This principle of Taylor’s Scientific Management is applied in the hospitality industry workplace today. In most organizations, managers take the responsibility of selecting the right individuals for every job and overseeing their training. They also make sure that training is carried out successfully (Mentzer, 3). In most workplaces today, following the job process and workers have been put in place, the managers continue to be involved and supervise every worker to make sure that the work is carried out in a manner that fulfills the goals of the organization. This fulfils the third principle of Taylor’s Scientific Management. According to the last principle of Scientific Management, work ought to be divided between the workers and the managers. The managers in most modern workplaces in the hospitality industry plan and supervise the work, while the workers perform the